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Why the gold price rally may continue

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Why the gold price rally may continue

We often write about the different market developments that can impact the returns of gold within investor portfolios. The primary factors that we consider are:

• Policy of the US Federal Reserve (Fed)
• Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures of inflation
• Behaviour of the US Dollar
• Levels of interest rates—particularly the US 10-Year Treasury Note
• Gold futures speculative positioning

While we believe that these are among the most important factors that explain movements in the gold price, we couldn’t say that they are the sole determinants as to why the price moves. Technical factors, such as the ratios of gold to US equities, gold to US government bonds, and gold to the US Dollar are also certainly worth considering. Below, we look at these ratios and explore the implications for the gold price.

Gold technicals: the gold price to US equities ratio

Since the end of 2009, there have been two dominant trends within the relationship between the price of gold and US equities, as shown through the performance of the S&P 500.

• From 31 December 2009 to 22 August 2011, the price of gold appreciated by nearly 40% annualised while the S&P 500 only gained about 1% per year
• From 22 August 2011 to 8 February 2019, the S&P 500 gained about 14% per year, while the price of gold lost nearly 5% per year

At the risk of stating the obvious, US equities have been the star performers at the expense of most other asset classes since 2011, gold included. But we’d note that in Figure 1, which shows the ratio of the gold price to the S&P 500, we see a falling wedge pattern. The performance of US equities was strong enough recently to push the line—designed such that it declines when US equities are outperforming gold—outside the lower boundary of the falling wedge. This move was short-lived, and technicians have noted that when moves like this fail to establish a trend, the reverse move may occur quite quickly. This suggests that gold could potentially outperform US equities in the near term.

Figure 1: The relationship between gold and US equities may be changing

Source: Bloomberg, with period from 31 December 2009 to 8 February 2019. Concept for chart from blog post by JC Parets on 6 February 2019. Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value. You cannot invest directly in an index.

Gold technicals: the gold price to long-maturity US government bonds ratio

One of the big debates among investors today is in relation to where US interest rates—particularly long-term US interest rates—may go to from current levels. From the early 1980s to the present, the trend has clearly been down, leading to massive price appreciation for bond investors. Now, however, with interest rates near historic lows, many hypothesise that the next 10 or 20 years could look very different to the last 30 to 40 years.

In Figure 2, we show the ratio of longer-dated US government bond cumulative returns against the price of gold, using the ICE US Treasury 20+ Year Index as a measure of the returns from US government bonds. The chart shows:

• From 2004 to 2011, the price of gold outperformed longer-maturity US government bonds, resulting in an upward trend in the ratio
• From 2011 to about 2014, longer-maturity US government bonds outperformed gold, resulting in a downward trend in the ratio
• From 2014 onwards, we have observed a strong multi-year basing process, and it looks like the price of gold is again starting to outperform long-maturity US government bonds

While this ratio cannot guarantee that the price of gold will outperform longer-maturity US government bonds going forward, we think that the ratio is an interesting way to consider a longer-term historical context and relationship between the two assets.

Figure 2: Gold may be poised to outperform US government bonds

Source: Bloomberg, with period from 31 December 2004 to 8 February 2019. Concept for chart from blog post by JC Parets on 6 February 2019. Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value. You cannot invest directly in an index.

Gold technicals: major trends in the relationship between the US Dollar and the gold price

Gold (and many other commodities) is priced in US Dollars, leading to a natural tendency of the price of gold to rise as the value of the US Dollar falls. Figure 3 indicates that since the late 1960s, the US Dollar has had four regimes of significant depreciation. It is clear that the price of gold responded during these periods by moving significantly higher.

On the right-hand side of Figure 3, we indicate that a pattern has developed recently that looks similar to patterns that we have seen in the past prior to a big US Dollar move down and a subsequent upward move in the price of gold. While this pattern is by no means a guarantee of future performance, we do believe that analysing the long-term relationship between the US Dollar and gold is helpful in stepping outside the minute-by-minute, hour-by-hour, and day-by-day short-term analysis that the world has become accustomed to.

Figure 3: The US Dollar versus gold price relationship since the late 1960s

Source: Bloomberg. Periods of the US dollar are defined as Sept. 1969 to June 1973 (Period 1), June 1976 to June 1980 (Period 2), December 1984 to December 1987 (Period 3) and June 2001 to March 2008 (Period 4). Periods of the gold price are December 1969 to December 1974 (Period 1), Sept. 1976 to Sept. 1980 (Period 2), December 1984 to December 1987 (Period 3) and March 2001 to Sept. 2012 (Period 4). Concept for chart from blog post by JC Parets on 6 February 2019. Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value. You cannot invest directly in an index.

Conclusion: the price of gold may appreciate further

We have written recently that, based on our forecast and internal models as of 31 December 2018, gold’s price could reach $1,370 per troy ounce by 31 December 2019. This forecast was based primarily on fundamental factors, rather than technical factors. However, analysing the three charts above, we believe that gold’s further appreciation could also be supported from a technical perspective.

This material is prepared by WisdomTree and its affiliates and is not intended to be relied upon as a forecast, research or investment advice, and is not a recommendation, offer or solicitation to buy or sell any securities or to adopt any investment strategy. The opinions expressed are as of the date of production and may change as subsequent conditions vary. The information and opinions contained in this material are derived from proprietary and non-proprietary sources. As such, no warranty of accuracy or reliability is given and no responsibility arising in any other way for errors and omissions (including responsibility to any person by reason of negligence) is accepted by WisdomTree, nor any affiliate, nor any of their officers, employees or agents. Reliance upon information in this material is at the sole discretion of the reader. Past performance is not a reliable indicator of future performance.

Important Information

Communications issued in the European Economic Area (“EEA”): This document has been issued and approved by WisdomTree Ireland Limited, which is authorised and regulated by the Central Bank of Ireland.
Communications issued in jurisdictions outside of the EEA: This document has been issued and approved by WisdomTree UK Limited, which is authorised and regulated by the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority.

WisdomTree Ireland Limited and WisdomTree UK Limited are each referred to as “WisdomTree” (as applicable). Our Conflicts of Interest Policy and Inventory are available on request.

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21Shares lanserar Toncoin Staking ETP (TONN)

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21Shares, världens största emittent av börshandlade kryptovalutaprodukter (ETPs) och ett dotterbolag till 21.co, tillkännager stolt lanseringen av 21Shares Toncoin Staking ETP. Denna banbrytande produkt ger investerare ett sömlöst sätt att engagera sig i ekosystemet för staking och tjäna belöningar utan ansträngning.

21Shares, världens största emittent av börshandlade kryptovalutaprodukter (ETPs) och ett dotterbolag till 21.co, tillkännager stolt lanseringen av 21Shares Toncoin Staking ETP. Denna banbrytande produkt ger investerare ett sömlöst sätt att engagera sig i ekosystemet för staking och tjäna belöningar utan ansträngning.

Toncoin Staking ETP presenterar en innovativ lösning för investerare som söker exponering för insatsbelöningar utan komplexiteten med att sätta upp och hantera en insatsnod. Med 21Shares ETP kan investerare nu dra nytta av fördelarna med att satsa Toncoin samtidigt som de utnyttjar likviditeten och bekvämligheten på traditionella finansmarknader.

”Vår 21Shares Toncoin Staking ETP öppnar upp en ny horisont för investerare och ger en problemfri inkörsport till att satsa belöningar inom blockchain-ekosystemet”, sa Ophelia Snyder, medgrundare och VD för 21Shares. ”Vi är dedikerade till att bemyndiga investerare med innovativa produkter som Toncoin Staking ETP, vilket bekräftar vårt engagemang för att driva utvecklingen av investeringsmöjligheter för blockchain.”

Nyckelfunktioner i 21Shares Toncoin Staking ETP:

  • Toncoin (TON): En decentraliserad lager 1-blockkedja, nu känd som ”The Open Network” efter förvärvet av TON Foundation. Toncoin fungerar som den ursprungliga valutan för TON-nätverket.
  • Proof-of-Stake (PoS) Consensus: TON använder en PoS-konsensusmodell för skalbarhet och nätverkstillförlitlighet, och erbjuder snabba, transparenta och säkra betalningstjänster med minimala avgifter.
  • Mission: The Open Network syftar till att skapa ett heltäckande ekosystem av användarvända tjänster som superappen WeChat, som erbjuder produkter som en decentraliserad lagring, decentraliserad VPN, en betalningslösning och en inbyggd plånbok för att hålla krypto direkt i meddelandeappen. Det kännetecknas av dess gemenskapsdrivna tillvägagångssätt och flexibla arkitektur, som tillgodoser behoven hos typiska konsumenter.
  • Skalbarhet: TONs avancerade skalbarhet säkerställer snabb avvecklingstid för transaktioner på ett kostnadseffektivt sätt, vilket möjliggör snabb nätverkstillväxt utan negativa effekter på miljön.
  • Stöd från Telegram: Trots separation stöder Telegram TON som sin favoritplattform för web3-infrastruktur, vilket framhäver dess engagemang för blockchain-innovation.

21Shares Toncoin Staking ETP kommer att vara tillgänglig för handel på SIX Exchange från och med onsdagen den 27 mars 2024, vilket ger investerare en sömlös väg att engagera sig i Toncoin-insatser och utnyttja de potentiella belöningarna med insatsekosystemet.

För mer information om 21Shares Toncoin Staking ETP, besök 21Shares hemsida.

NamnISINKortnamnValutaBörsListningsdatum
21Shares Toncoin Staking ETPCH1297762812TONN SEUSDSIX Swiss Exchange27 mars 2024

Om 21.co/21Shares

21.co är världens ledande företag när det gäller att tillhandahålla tillgång till krypto genom enkla och lättanvända produkter. 21.co är moderbolag till 21Shares, världens största emittent av börshandlade kryptovalutaprodukter (ETPs) – som drivs av Onyx, en proprietär teknologiplattform som används för att emittera och driva cryptocurrency ETP för 21Shares och tredje part. Företaget grundades 2018 av Hany Rashwan och Ophelia Snyder. 21Sharesis registrerat i Zürich, Schweiz med kontor i Zürich, London och New York. För mer information, besök 21Shares hemsida.

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FUD vs. Fundamentals: What Happened This Week in Crypto?

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Fear, uncertainty, and doubt (FUD) have clouded Ethereum's business prospects after CoinDesk reported on March 20 that Ethereum’s Github repository seemed to confirm rumors about ongoing investigations by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). If true, this could be business as usual for the regulator as it nears its deadline for a decision on ETH spot ETFs on May 23. Nevertheless, statements about the investigations are vague and ambiguous, whether they're focused on the Ethereum Foundation or the companies dealing with it, making it a curious case to monitor closely.

• Ethereum: FUD vs. Fundamentals

• Arbitrum Doubles Down on Dencun’s Cost-Efficiency

• Optimism Strides Towards Full Decentralization

• Can This Major Upgrade Help Fantom Level Up With Solana?

Ethereum: FUD vs. Fundamentals

Fear, uncertainty, and doubt (FUD) have clouded Ethereum’s business prospects after CoinDesk reported on March 20 that Ethereum’s Github repository seemed to confirm rumors about ongoing investigations by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). If true, this could be business as usual for the regulator as it nears its deadline for a decision on ETH spot ETFs on May 23. Nevertheless, statements about the investigations are vague and ambiguous, whether they’re focused on the Ethereum Foundation or the companies dealing with it, making it a curious case to monitor closely.

How did the market react? Nothing dramatic. In the past week, despite Ethereum experiencing a 10% drop on the day of Coindesk’s report, it quickly recovered the following day with a 10% rebound and shrugging off the uncertainty, ultimately closing the week with a modest 1.78% gain. The below on-chain metrics are also worth noting:

• ETH deposits on centralized exchanges increased by ~3%, well within the 3-5% average increases seen in May 2021, 2022, and 2023, which is understandable as investors capitalize on reaching the $4K milestone.

• The market-value-to-realized-value (MVRV) is one of crypto’s leading on-chain indicators comparing Ethereum’s current market price to its historical average transaction price, to estimate its valuation based on past trends.. As shown in Figure 1, the MVRV went from 2.23 on March 13 to 1.65 on March 24, indicating that the network continues to be undervalued when compared to previous bull runs. For example, in May 2021, the MVRV Z-score was at 5.57 when Ethereum traded at around $3.9K.

Figure 1: Ethereum’s MVRV Z-Score (7D Moving Average)

Source: Glassnode

On a more positive note, the biggest news for Ethereum was arguably BlackRock’s announcement of tokenizing treasury bonds and repo agreements. The asset manager has partnered with Securitize as a transfer agent and tokenization platform to launch their yield-bearing fund, BUIDL, on top of Ethereum. As shown in Figure 2, Ethereum accounts for 80.33% of tokenized assets, if we exclude fiat-collateralized stablecoins. BlackRock has joined the likes of Franklin Templeton and Citigroup, among others, in tokenizing real-world assets. The deployment on Ethereum reiterates our thesis that the network will continue playing a vital role across the tokenization realm. So far, there has been a total of over $2 billion worth of commodities and government securities, among other traditional assets tokenized on several networks. Thanks to blockchain technology, these tokenized assets boast several advantages over their traditional form due to their transparency, around-the-clock trading, and faster settlement.

Figure 2: Tokenization Market Share by Chain

Source: 21.co on Dune Analytics

On the fundamental side, Ethereum’s core developers have launched an initiative called “pump the gas” to raise the gas block limit from 30 to 40 million (and even more), decreasing gas fees on Ethereum’s mainnet by as much as 33%. The gas block limit is the maximum amount of gas that all transactions combined can consume within a single block. The discussion of expanding the gas block limit has been up for debate since Vitalik brought it up in January 2024. However, some are not in favor of the initiative, arguing that EIP-4844 has already increased the block size and that it could lead to potential risks of network spam and attacks.

Arbitrum Doubles Down on Dencun’s Cost-Efficiency

With Optimism, Base, and Arbitrum all witnessing transaction fees drop by over 90% post-Dencun’s activation, the total number of transacting addresses across their networks has almost doubled since then, as seen below in Figure 3. However, Arbitrum has taken a step further by introducing the ATLAS upgrade, aiming to drive fees down even more. Specifically, ATLAS decreased what’s known as the “L1 surplus fees” from 32 gwei to zero while lowering the L2 base fees from 0.1 to 0.01 gwei, helping the network achieve a median transaction fee of ~$0.002, the lowest since October 2022. Applications built on Arbitrum can reap the benefit of the upgrade right away without any modifications from their end, while L3 networks built on top of Arbitrum, using its Orbit framework, need to implement the upgrade to capitalize on the blob posting mechanism to experience lower fees.

Figure 3: Number of Transacting Addresses across Base vs. Optimism vs, Arbitrum

Source: msibl7 on Dune

Optimism Strides Towards Full Decentralization

On the other hand, Optimism is progressing towards its vision of full decentralization. For context, the network currently relies on a single sequencer, a validator that posts transaction data from Optimism on Ethereum, run by the Optimism Foundation itself. This sequencer is overseen by an elected security council, which acts as a custodian managing the protocol upgrades and the security of the network by ensuring that the sequencer is acting honestly, amongst other security-related tasks. This means that only a handful of eight elected individuals can contest the validity of transactions if they suspect any malicious behavior. Nevertheless, this was a temporary setup until Optimism released its “Fault Proof” system, which determines the validity of transactions before they’re posted on Ethereum’s mainnet. This enables a proactive rather than a reactive approach to maintaining transaction integrity. In line with this, Optimism rolled out the second iteration of the system on Sepolia testnet after releasing the first in October of last year, with the full launch expected later this year, where anyone can submit a fault-proof and dispute the validity of transactions.

Can This Major Upgrade Help Fantom Level Up With Solana?

The Ethereum alternative blockchain is set to implement its upcoming Sonic upgrade in the spring of 2024. Although the date isn’t determined yet, the next network iteration will position Fantom as one of the most scalable networks within the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) ecosystem, capable of rivaling Solana’s efficiency. Namely, Sonic introduces the Fantom Virtual Machine (FVM), a new operating system facilitating close to 2000 transactions per second (TPS) based on the latest testnet results while adopting parallelization to enhance transaction throughput. Further, Sonic achieves transaction finality in under a second, with transaction fees costing less than a cent while introducing Carmen, a new database model that reduces the storage costs for validators by close to 90%. This enables them to participate in the network’s security validation in a cost-effective manner while expediting the time required for the foundation to spin up a new archival validator node from several weeks to 36 hours.

All in all, the excitement in anticipation of the upgrade can be seen with Fantom’s price growing by 200% over the last 30 days, while its DEX trading volume has surged by close to 12-fold, growing from $5M and peaking at $60M last week. Fantom’s stablecoin assets under management has also increased by about 150% over the same period since the lows of October 2023, implying that new users are increasingly depositing capital into the network to experiment with its ecosystem, akin to what was seen during the run-up of the ETF-led rally last October. Nevertheless, Fantom shows promising growth prospects as its P/E ratio continues to decrease despite its recent price gains, as shown below in Figure 4. This indicates that transaction volume and network utilization are outpacing its market capitalization growth, potentially implying that Fantom remains relatively undervalued.

Figure 4: NVT: The P/E-Equivalent of Blockchain Networks

Source: Glassnode

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The information provided does not constitute a prospectus or other offering material and does not contain or constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of any offer to buy securities in any jurisdiction. Some of the information published herein may contain forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties and that actual results may differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors. The information contained herein may not be considered as economic, legal, tax or other advice and users are cautioned to base investment decisions or other decisions solely on the content hereof.

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BlackRock säger att det finns låg efterfrågan på Ethereum

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Robert Mitchnick, chef för digitala tillgångar på BlackRock, har avslöjat att kunderna till finansgiganten visar låg efterfrågan på Ethereum, den näst största kryptovalutan efter börsvärde. Samtidigt finns det "väldigt lite intresse överallt", vilket innebär att investeringsbolaget inte ens överväger mindre kryptovalutor.

Robert Mitchnick, chef för digitala tillgångar på BlackRock, har avslöjat att kunderna till finansgiganten visar låg efterfrågan på Ethereum, den näst största kryptovalutan efter börsvärde. Samtidigt finns det ”väldigt lite intresse överallt”, vilket innebär att investeringsbolaget inte ens överväger mindre kryptovalutor.

Mitchnick har erkänt att kryptovalutacommunityt vill se finansjätten utforska fler alternativ, men han säger att BlackRock fortfarande främst fokuserar på Bitcoin. Bitcoin, enligt chefen, är ”överväldigande prioritet nummer ett.”

Nyligen gick BlackRock med i tokeniseringsracet genom att lansera en ny fond baserad på Ethereum-nätverket. Fonden, som officiellt lanserades tidigare i veckan, gör det möjligt att tjäna amerikanska dollaravkastning med hjälp av blockchain-teknik.

I november ansökte BlackRock också om att lansera en Ethereum börshandlad fond. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission sköt dock upp sitt beslut om denna ansökan tidigare i mars.

Som rapporterats av U.Today kollapsade oddsen för att en Ethereum ETF skulle godkännas på grund av regulatoriskt tryck. För en vecka sedan bad senatorerna Jack Reed och Laphonza Butler specifikt SEC-ordförande Gary Gensler att inte godkänna ETFer för fler kryptovaluta-tokens.

Samtidigt har SEC enligt uppgift lanserat en aggressiv kampanj för att klassificiera Ether som ett värdepapper, vilket ytterligare minskar sannolikheten för att en Ether-baserad spot-ETF ska godkännas inom en snar framtid.

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