Etikett: USD

Gold outlook 2017 further upside likely

ETF Securities Gold outlook 2017 further upside likelyGold outlook 2017 further upside likely

Commodity Research Gold outlook 2017 further upside likely

Highlights

  • While the US Federal Reserve (Fed) will increase rates this year, inflation will remain stubbornly high, maintaining a low real rate environment. Gold could rise to $1300/oz (8%) in the first half of the year, aided by a weaker US Dollar (USD). However, USD strengthening in the second half of the year and subdued enthusiasm for the metal in the futures market could drive a sell-off, with gold ending the year at US$1230/oz.
  • While the US Federal Reserve (Fed) will increase rates this year, inflation will remain stubbornly high, maintaining a low real rate environment. Gold prices could rise 8% in the first half of the year, aided by a weaker US Dollar (USD). However, USD strengthening in the second half of the year and subdued enthusiasm for the metal in the futures market could drive a sell-off, with gold ending the year at US$1230/oz, just 2.5% higher than today.
  • In a bullish scenario for gold, the Fed will be slow to act and inflation will be markedly above market expectations, while the USD weakens. Gold would end the year at US$1380/oz (15%).
    In a bearish scenario for gold, the Fed will move more aggressively, seeing the USD appreciate and burst the bond market bubble. Gold would end the year at US$1095/oz (-9%).

2017 gold price forecast

Gold has had a strong start to the year with the metal having risen 3.6% so far. We expect gold to end the year at US$1230/oz, up from US$1185/oz (2.5%). However, gold could peak at a higher level, at around US$1300/oz mid-year (+8%). Our projections on gold are based on the model we presented in “Policy mistakes provide upside potential for gold”. We also present a more bullish and bearish scenario in addition to our base case.

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Inflation to surprise on the upside

US inflation is rising rapidly. Higher energy prices today compared with a year ago will likely see inflation rise substantially above the Federal Reserve’s target of 2%. Aside from the volatile energy component, core prices are likely to rise as the US labour market shows signs of tightness. The unemployment rate at 4.7% is close to the ‘natural rate’, indicating that any further improvement will be highly inflationary. We believe that headline inflation will reach 2.9% in the first half of the year as a result of higher energy prices compared to a year ago, but even as the base effect fades, inflation will remain elevated at 2.7% in the second half. Inflation will rise despite the Fed delivering on all three rate hikes implied in its ‘dot plots’. Inflation will be substantially higher than the Fed’s projection of 1.9% and the consensus view of 2.5%.

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Dollar appreciation to follow depreciation

As discussed in “Near-term downside for US Dollar”, we expect the USD to depreciate in the near-term after the currency has risen too far, too fast. The risk of the Fed’s actions not living up to its rhetoric is likely to place downward pressure on the currency. USD could fall as much as 2% from today’s levels in the first half of the year. As the Fed comes to terms with having to be more active with monetary policy in mid-2017, we feel that the USD could stage a rebound. The USD is likely to end the year 3% higher than today.

Nominal bond yields rise

Nominal bond yields are expected to rise as the Fed raises policy interest rates. We expect the Fed to deliver all three of the rate hikes indicated in its ‘dot plot’. Although policy rates will increase by 0.75%, we believe that nominal US 10-year bond yields will increase by 0.5% by year-end (from 2.5% to 3.0%) as we typically see the yield curve flatten in rate rising environments.

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With inflation remaining elevated, despite the increase in nominal yields, real yields will be low and could even decline from just under 0.5% currently. Given gold’s historic negative relationship with real rates, a rising nominal rate environment is still consistent with rising gold prices.

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Positioning less sensitive to shocks

Market sentiment toward gold has become subdued. Speculative positioning in gold futures has fallen drastically from last year. In July 2016 speculative positioning in gold futures reached an all-time high of 347,445 net long contracts as the shock result of Brexit led market participants toward the haven asset. But other shocks failed to muster as much enthusiasm for the metal. The surprise win for President Trump or the rejection of constitutional reform in Italy for example had little lasting support for the metal in terms of price or positioning. Speculative positioning fell below 100,000 contracts by the end of the year. It appears that the market has become desensitised by shock events. We think there could be a small uptick in positioning due to the French Dutch and German elections this year, but not to the levels we saw last year. There is also the risk that market uncertainty around Trump’s policies drives more investment in gold futures. We expect positioning to rise to 120,000 (which is markedly lower than the average of 220,000 last year).

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Bull case

In a scenario where the Fed only increases rates twice this year while inflation rises to 3.2%, the USD could lose further ground, depreciating by 1%. More marked curve flattening could see nominal rates only rise to 2.7%. If markets become more responsive to shocks, speculative positions could move higher to 200,000 (close to the average positioning for last year). Under this scenario gold could rise to US$1380/oz by year end.

Bear case

In a scenario where the Fed tries to get ahead of the curve and reduce the risk higher inflation becoming entrenched into expectations, the central bank could raise rates four times this year. Most of the impact on inflation will only be felt in 2018, with inflation at the end of 2017 still around 2.4%. However, the USD may appreciate 5% while bond yields rise to 3.3%, a scenario consistent with the end of the bond market bubble. With markets more focused on a tightening monetary environment rather than political stress points, speculative positioning in gold could fall to 40,000 (significantly below the long term average of 88,000 net long contracts). Our model indicates that gold would fall to US$1095/oz in such a scenario by year end.

For more information contact:

ETF Securities Research team
ETF Securities (UK) Limited
T +44 (0) 207 448 4336
E info@etfsecurities.com

Important Information

The analyses in the above tables are purely for information purposes. They do not reflect the performance of any ETF Securities’ products . The futures and roll returns are not necessarily investable.

General

This communication has been provided by ETF Securities (UK) Limited (“ETFS UK”) which is authorised and regulated by the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority (the “FCA”).

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Promises to plans

Promises to plans

FX Weekly – Promises to plans

Trade Idea – Foreign Exchange  – Promises to plans

Highlights

  • Focus on the EUR/USD will intensify next week as Trump is inaugurated and the ECB meet for the first time in 2017.
  • Longer term risks to the EUR/USD remain skewed to the downside as inflationary pressures mount in the US.
  • The EUR/GBP appears increasingly overvalued and a downward correction could be in store.

Time for action

In 2017, the investment landscape will be dominated by the ability of politicians in the US and Europe to deliver on promises of change made last year. Next week, President Elect Trump will be inaugurated as the 45th president of the US and his landmark speech will be scrutinised by market participants for signs of what proposed policy measures will take priority at the start of his four year term. Meanwhile, the European Central Bank (ECB) will meet for the first time in 2017, placing market focus on the EUR/USD exchange rate which has recently rebounded from fifteen year lows. Our view is that in the short term the EUR/USD could tick modestly higher but will face technical resistance and in the longer term risks remain skewed to the downside. A better short term opportunity involving the EUR exists against the GBP, where negative sentiment has pushed the pair to expensive levels and a downward correction could be looming.

Inflation risks

The USD has lost ground so far this year as US treasury yields have moderated (down approximately 30bps*) and the market pricing of interest rate rises for 2017 has fallen from three to two. The EUR/USD has accordingly risen to around 1.064 (see Figure 1), which is near its 23.6% Fibonacci retracement level*, a resistance established in December last year. With Trump expected to enact considerable fiscal stimulus measures, wage growth at the fastest rate since the recession and climbing energy prices, the risks to inflation are skewed to the upside. Over the next quarter, higher inflation risks have the potential to prompt the US Federal Reserve to pursue a more hawkish interest rate tightening cycle than is currently being expected which could see the EUR/USD fall back again towards the 1.04 level and potentially beyond.

Figure 1: US rates have moderated for now

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Brexit clarity

The EUR/GBP has recently climbed as Sterling has shown vulnerability to speculation over whether Brexit will entail an exit from the single market. Theresa May’s recent interview with Sky paid testament to this and highlighted the volatility we could expect from the currency in the coming two and a half months. However, the EUR is not insulated from its own political threats as elections in France, Netherlands and Germany this year raise the risks of a Eurozone break-up. In the near term, we believe the GBP could climb from current levels as negative speculation proves overdone and resilient economic performance continues. This dynamic could see the EUR/GBP fall back to its 50 daily moving average of 0.85, a fall of 2.8%*. Investors wishing to express the investment views outlined above may consider using the following ETF Securities ETPs: Currency ETPs GBP Base ETFS Long EUR Short GBP (GBUR) ETFS Short EUR Long GBP (URGB) ETFS Long USD Short GBP (GBUS) ETFS Short USD Long GBP (USGB) USD Base ETFS Long GBP Short USD (LGBP) ETFS Short GBP Long USD (SGBP) ETFS Long EUR Short USD (LEUR) ETFS Short EUR Long USD (SEUR) EUR Base ETFS Long USD Short EUR (XBJP) ETFS Short USD Long EUR (XBJQ) ETFS Long GBP Short EUR (EUGB) ETFS Short GBP Long EUR (GBEU) 3x ETFS 3x Long USD Short EUR (EUS3) ETFS 3x Short USD Long EUR (USE3) ETFS 3x Long GBP Short EUR (EGB3) ETFS 3x Short GBP Long EUR (GBE3) ETFS 3x Long GBP Short USD (LGB3) ETFS 3x Short GBP Long USD (SGB3) ETFS 3x Long EUR Short USD (LEU3) ETFS 3x Short EUR Long USD (SEU3) ETFS 3x Long USD Short GBP (USP3) ETFS 3x Short USD Long GBP (PUS3) ETFS 3x Long EUR Short GBP (EUP3) ETFS 3x Short EUR Long GBP (SUP3) 5x ETFS 5x Long GBP Short EUR (EGB5) ETFS 5x Short GBP Long EUR (GBE5) ETFS 5x Long USD Short EUR (5CH5) ETFS 5x Short USD Long EUR (5CH6) ETFS 5x Long USD Short GBP (USP5) ETFS 5x Short USD Long GBP (PUS5) Basket ETFS Bullish GBP vs G10 Currency Basket Securities (LGBB) ETFS Bearish GBP vs G10 Currency Basket Securities (SGBB) ETFS Bullish USD vs G10 Currency Basket Securities (LUSB) ETFS Bearish USD vs G10 Currency Basket Securities (SUSB) ETFS Bullish EUR vs G10 Currency Basket Securities (LEUB) ETFS Bearish EUR vs G10 Currency Basket Securities (SEUB) The complete ETF Securities product list can be found here.

Important Information

This communication has been provided by ETF Securities (UK) Limited (“ETFS UK”) which is authorised and regulated by the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority (the “FCA”). The products discussed in this document are issued by ETFS Foreign Exchange Limited (“FXL”). FXL is regulated by the Jersey Financial Services Commission. This communication is only targeted at professional investors. In Switzerland, this communication is only targeted at Regulated Qualified Investors. The information contained in this communication is for your general information only and is neither an offer for sale nor a solicitation of an offer to buy securities. This communication should not be used as the basis for any investment decision. Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value. This document is not, and under no circumstances is to be construed as, an advertisement or any other step in furtherance of a public offering of shares or securities in the United States or any province or territory thereof. Neither this document nor any copy hereof should be taken, transmitted or distributed (directly or indirectly) into the United States. This communication may contain independent market commentary prepared by ETFS UK based on publicly available information. Although ETFS UK endeavours to ensure the accuracy of the content in this communication, ETFS UK does not warrant or guarantee its accuracy or correctness. Any third party data providers used to source the information in this communication make no warranties or representation of any kind relating to such data. Where ETFS UK has expressed its own opinions related to product or market activity, these views may change. Neither ETFS UK, nor any affiliate, nor any of their respective, officers, directors, partners, or employees accepts any liability whatsoever for any direct or consequential loss arising from any use of this publication or its contents. ETFS UK is required by the FCA to clarify that it is not acting for you in any way in relation to the investment or investment activity to which this communication relates. In particular, ETFS UK will not provide any investment services to you and or advise you on the merits of, or make any recommendation to you in relation to, the terms of any transaction. No representative of ETFS UK is authorised to behave in any way which would lead you to believe otherwise. ETFS UK is not, therefore, responsible for providing you with the protections afforded to its clients and you should seek your own independent legal, investment and tax or other advice as you see fit. Short and/or leveraged exchange-traded products are only intended for investors who understand the risks involved in investing in a product with short and/or leveraged exposure and who intend to invest on a short term basis. Potential losses from short and leveraged exchange-traded products may be magnified in comparison to products that provide an unleveraged exposure. Please refer to the section entitled “Risk Factors” in the relevant prospectus for further details of these and other risks. Securities issued by FXL are direct, limited recourse obligations of FXL alone and are not obligations of or guaranteed by any of Morgan Stanley & Co International plc, Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated, any of their affiliates or anyone else or any of their affiliates. Each of Morgan Stanley & Co International plc and Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated disclaims all and any liability whether arising in tort, contract or otherwise (save as referred to above) which it might have in respect of this document or its contents otherwise arising in connection herewith. The Morgan Stanley Indices are the exclusive property of Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated (”Morgan Stanley”). Morgan Stanley and the Morgan Stanley index names are service mark(s) of Morgan Stanley or its affiliates and have been licensed for use for certain purposes by ETF Securities Limited in respect of the securities issued by FXL. The securities issued by FXL are not sponsored, endorsed, or promoted by Morgan Stanley, and Morgan Stanley bears no liability with respect to any such financial securities. The prospectus of FXL contains a more detailed description of the limited relationship Morgan Stanley has with FXL and any related financial securities. No purchaser, seller or holder of securities issued by FXL, or any other person or entity, should use or refer to any Morgan Stanley trade name, trademark or service mark to sponsor, endorse, market or promote this product without first contacting Morgan Stanley to determine whether Morgan Stanley’s permission is required. Under no circumstances may any person or entity claim any affiliation with Morgan Stanley without the prior written permission of Morgan Stanley.

Time to be Opportunistic in Emerging Markets Bonds

Time to be Opportunistic in Emerging Markets Bonds

No matter one’s point of view, November was a watershed month for global financial markets. The immediate reaction for holders of emerging markets bonds was to sell first and ask questions later. This sell-then-ask process has been the fate of many risk markets over the past decade. For emerging markets bonds, it did not take long for prices to move significantly lower and then usher in the “ask questions” phase. The market reaction was swift, with higher rates and a stronger U.S. dollar. This continued after the Federal Reserve delivered an expected rate increase following their meeting on December 13-14, but with an unexpectedly hawkish forecast for 2017. Time to be Opportunistic in Emerging Markets Bonds

USD Strength Impacts Local Bonds

Hard currency sovereigns were negatively impacted by a 55 basis points (bps) increase in 10-year U.S. Treasury rates in November, ending the month with a return of -4.1%. Investment grade sovereigns were more impacted than the broader universe due to their longer duration. However, higher quality bonds now also provide an approximately 90 bps pickup versus U.S. investment grade corporate bonds, a significant increase in relative value versus October. High yield emerging markets corporate bonds posted a relatively modest negative return of -1.6% due to a shorter duration than other sectors, and remain a bright spot with year-to-date returns of 14.4%. These gains have been driven equally by the significant carry they provide, as well spreads which have tightened year to date (and which remained steady in November).

Extreme volatility in some emerging markets currencies impacted the local currency sovereign space, which declined 7%, with 5% attributable to currency depreciation and the remaining 2% from higher local rates. Within local currency bonds, Turkey and Mexico stood out as laggards in U.S. dollar terms due to the large selloff in their currencies. Although not immune to the broad weakness in emerging markets currencies, Russian and Colombian bonds were the best performers (although still negative for the month), with the former expected to be more insulated from Trump’s foreign policies, and the latter benefitting from a renewed peace deal with FARC (The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia) and posting small positive returns in local terms. In addition, both Russia and Colombia rely heavily on commodity exports and their local bonds received some support from the increase in oil prices that resulted from OPEC’s (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) announced production limits.

What’s Next for Emerging Markets?

The prevailing sentiment post-U.S. election is somewhat pessimistic for emerging markets. The consensus is that fiscal stimulus will more than make up for monetary tightening, spurring a reflationary trend that is likely to occur inside a newly formed bubble of protectionism that will leave many emerging markets without a key engine for growth. Another by-product is that populist/nationalist movements will succeed (as the rejection of the Italian referendum validated in early December) throughout the developed world over the next several years, significantly altering the geopolitical and economic landscape.

Our view is more nuanced. We believe the prospects for emerging markets in 2017 centers around a few critical questions. One: How will higher U.S. rates, should that trend continue, impact flows? Two: Will the U.S. dollar continue its upward trend on the back of higher rates and a wave of protectionism? And three: Can emerging markets growth continue to recover? Consensus is for growth to accelerate slightly in 2017, but sentiment also appears to be that a fiscally led pick-up in developed markets economies will happen largely in a vacuum as trade relationships are under threat. Given years of progress in the opening of global markets, this last assumption is a difficult one to digest, but it also means that the continued rise of the U.S. dollar is not a foregone conclusion.

Be Savvy and Opportunistic Amid the Volatility

Given the uncertainty in the market, economic and political developments (or even an off-the-cuff early morning tweet by President-elect Trump) are likely to keep volatility elevated in the near term.

We believe investors should keep two things in mind. First, the positive note is that from a static perspective, emerging markets fundamentals (growth, debt stock, real rates, and policy flexibility) remain at a favorable starting point relative to developed markets as we enter 2017. While current accounts are more of a mixed story, in many cases they have improved. On the other hand, the less positive note is that the range of potential outcomes in 2017 – for U.S. rates, growth and inflation, EU and Japanese monetary policy – is extraordinarily wide, with opposite or divergent outcomes possible depending on the course of events. While emerging markets assets can do better in 2017 than recent press and analyst coverage may suggest, we believe that being savvy and opportunistic (and contrarian) about adding exposure could help enhance the risk/reward.

November 2016 1-Month Total Returns by Country


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Source: FactSet as of 11/30/2016. Not intended to be a forecast of future events, a guarantee of future results or investment advice. Current market conditions may not continue.

so    Head of Fixed Income ETF Portfolio Management
Portfolio Manager for Fixed Income ETFs specializes in international bond markets
Investment Management Team member since 2012
Prior to joining VanEck, Managing Director of Global Emerging Markets with The Seaport Group; launched the firm’s emerging markets fixed income sales and trading business
Previously held portfolio management positions at Greylock Capital and Soundbrook Capital; focused on corporate high-yield and distressed bonds with an emphasis on emerging markets
Earlier career experience includes senior fixed income trading positions at Credit Lyonnais and HSBC
Quoted in Financial Times, Barron’s, and ETF Trends, among others
CFA charterholder; member of New York Society of Security Analysts
MBA (with distinction), Finance, The Wharton School of Business, University of Pennsylvania; AB, History, Princeton University

IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS AND DISCLOSURES  

Sources of all data: FactSet, J.P. Morgan, and BofA Merrill Lynch. All data is as of 11/30/2016.

The information herein represents the opinion of the author(s), but not necessarily those of VanEck, and these opinions may change at any time and from time to time. Non-VanEck proprietary information contained herein has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but not guaranteed. Not intended to be a forecast of future events, a guarantee of future results or investment advice. Historical performance is not indicative of future results. Current data may differ from data quoted. Any graphs shown herein are for illustrative purposes only. No part of this material may be reproduced in any form, or referred to in any other publication, without express written permission of VanEck.

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How low could the gold price go?

How low could the gold price go?

With the prospect of the US Federal Reserve (Fed) now hiking 3 times in 2017 it is likely that in the shorter-term there is further price weakness for gold, but how low could it go and what could influence the price? How low could the gold price go?

There is a very close relationship between the gold price and the US dollar. If the dollar rises, gold historically falls, as has been the case during Q4 2016 as expectations for a rate hike have become more aligned amongst investors. Consequently, the US dollar has risen 7.5% since and gold has sold off by 13.5%.

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Looking at CFTC futures positioning, which is indicative of investor sentiment, it highlights that investors are not yet at peak bullishness for the US dollar nor are they at peak bearishness for gold that was witnessed at the end of 2015, just after the Fed’s first rate hike. If we assume similar levels of sentiment for both the US dollar and gold then it suggests that gold could fall by 19% by year-end, bringing the gold price close to US$1070.

Whilst the pressure on the gold price will be predominantly negative in the coming months we continue to believe there are sizeable risks for 2017 that are likely to support the gold price.

  • 82% of headline inflation moves in the US can be explained by moves in the oil price over the last 4 years, the recent rise of crude prices imply the year-end inflation could be close to 3%. This is a double-edged sword for gold, in the shorter term it may push up the prospects for more aggressive rate hikes weighing on gold, but the FED can’t be too aggressive on rates as the US economic recovery could be derailed and government debt remains high. An ineffective Fed would be supportive for gold in the longer-term.

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  • The rapid 5% rise in the USD clearly hurt those companies with greater foreign revenue exposure in Q4 2015. US companies where foreign revenues are significant (greater than 40%), year on year revenues declined 11% versus only 5% for the S&P500 as a whole in Q4 2015. This time around the US dollar has rallied 7.5% over Q4, threatening to damage company earnings during the next reporting season and in turn weigh on prices when optimism in the equity markets remain high.
  • 70% of Europe (by GDP) has elections in 2017 if Italy is included, and with populists either gaining or leading in the polling, political instability is likely to be high.
  • Markets are giving the President Elect the benefit of the doubt on his tax cutting and infrastructure spend promises, but what success will the President Elect have in negotiating a higher debt ceiling? We believe that the net effect of tax cuts is likely to be neutral whilst being disruptive for US corporates as their implementation will have such a varied impact.

These issues that may take a while for the markets to quantify, and may only begin to be priced in the second half of 2017. We believe the continued weakness in the gold price will present attractive entry points in the coming 6 months.

James Butterfill, Head of Research & Investment Strategy at ETF Securities

James Butterfill joined ETF Securities as Head of Research & Investment Strategy in 2015. James is responsible for leading the strategic direction of the global research team, ensuring that clients receive up-to-date, expert insight into global macroeconomic and asset class specific developments.

James has a wealth of experience in strategy, economics and asset allocation gained at HSBC and most recently in his role as Multi- Asset Fund Manager and Global Equity Strategist at Coutts. James holds a Bachelor of Engineering from the University of Exeter and an MSc in Geophysics from Keele University.

Year of Surprise

Year of Surprise

FX Weekly FX 2016 Review – Year of Surprise

Highlights

  • 2016 has been full of surprises and can be divided into three distinct phases defined by the EU referendum and US election.
  • Currently the market is in a period of re-pricing due to Trump’s proposed fiscal expansion plans.
  • The USD looks likely to hold onto recent gains, while the EUR look vulnerable to political uncertainty in the year to come.

Against all odds

Surprises have been commonplace in 2016 and have ensured that volatility has remained a prominent feature of the world’s currency markets. The year can almost be divided into three distinct phases marked around the shock outcomes in both the EU referendum and the US presidential election. In the period up to, and the month following, the Brexit vote, concerns over the economic impact of the referendum and reduced expectations of monetary tightening in the US saw safe havens like the JPY soar against the GBP and USD (rising 26% and 16% respectively from 1st January to the 6th July). These moves moderated somewhat until the US election, where Trump’s shock victory ushered in a complete shift in market assumptions and a corresponding re-pricing of financial assets. This is the current phase that we find ourselves in, characterised by the strongest trade weighted USD in over 14 years and a sharply weakening JPY. Going into 2017, we see healthy prospects for US growth and inflation buoying the USD, while in Europe the single currency risks being pressured by political uncertainty.

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US reflation?

Markets appear to have interpreted Trump’s victory as a signal that the US will benefit from a large fiscal stimulus and infrastructure package in the years to come, helping to deliver both growth and inflation. While a lot of the details surrounding Trump’s future plan are currently uncertain, what seems clear is that the recent increase in inflation expectations have prompted the US Federal Reserve to pursue a more aggressive rate hike path. Should they follow through with the proposed three hikes in 2017 we see recent gains in the USD as being broadly sustained, although a near term pullback in the next few months may be due.

Populist sentiment tested

In Europe, scheduled parliamentary and presidential elections in a majority of the bloc’s largest nations have potential to test the Euro. Matteo Renzi’s recent resignation is a signal that anti-establishment sentiment on mainland Europe remains elevated and the growth of populist parties is not as remote a risk as market participants once thought. Combined with a European Central Bank (ECB) committed to at least another 12 months of asset purchases, risks for the EUR appear skewed to the downside.

Transitional Brexit deal to be brokered

Prospects for the GBP are centred on the progress of Brexit negotiations and the UK government’s ability to deliver an effective transitional agreement offering protection for Britain’s more exposed sectors, such as finance. We remain bullish on the currency and believe that it is currently trading near its structural nadir (see: GBP reaches rock bottom). However, it will remain volatile as markets scrutinise any plan Theresa May puts forward before the self-imposed March deadline for Article 50.

Investors wishing to express the investment views outlined above may consider using the following ETF Securities ETPs:

Currency ETPs

GBP Base

ETFS Long EUR Short GBP (GBUR)
ETFS Short EUR Long GBP (URGB)
ETFS Long USD Short GBP (GBUS)
ETFS Short USD Long GBP (USGB)

USD Base

ETFS Long GBP Short USD (LGBP)
ETFS Short GBP Long USD (SGBP)
ETFS Long EUR Short USD (LEUR)
ETFS Short EUR Long USD (SEUR)

EUR Base

ETFS Long USD Short EUR (XBJP)
ETFS Short USD Long EUR (XBJQ)
ETFS Long GBP Short EUR (EUGB)
ETFS Short GBP Long EUR (GBEU)

3x

ETFS 3x Long USD Short EUR (EUS3)
ETFS 3x Short USD Long EUR (USE3)
ETFS 3x Long GBP Short EUR (EGB3)
ETFS 3x Short GBP Long EUR (GBE3)
ETFS 3x Long GBP Short USD (LGB3)
ETFS 3x Short GBP Long USD (SGB3)
ETFS 3x Long EUR Short USD (LEU3)
ETFS 3x Short EUR Long USD (SEU3)

ETFS 3x Long USD Short GBP (USP3)
ETFS 3x Short USD Long GBP (PUS3)
ETFS 3x Long EUR Short GBP (EUP3)
ETFS 3x Short EUR Long GBP (SUP3)

5x

ETFS 5x Long GBP Short EUR (EGB5)
ETFS 5x Short GBP Long EUR (GBE5)
ETFS 5x Long USD Short EUR (5CH5)
ETFS 5x Short USD Long EUR (5CH6)
ETFS 5x Long USD Short GBP (USP5)
ETFS 5x Short USD Long GBP (PUS5)

Basket

ETFS Bullish GBP vs G10 Currency Basket Securities (LGBB)
ETFS Bearish GBP vs G10 Currency Basket Securities (SGBB)
ETFS Bullish USD vs G10 Currency Basket Securities (LUSB)
ETFS Bearish USD vs G10 Currency Basket Securities (SUSB)
ETFS Bullish EUR vs G10 Currency Basket Securities (LEUB)
ETFS Bearish EUR vs G10 Currency Basket Securities (SEUB)

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