Even fund managers can’t identify future outperformers

Even fund managers can't identify future outperformersEven fund managers can’t identify future outperformers

Even fund managers can’t identify future outperformers
Robin Powell
Prof. Raghavendra Rau – Cambridge Judge Business School

One of numerous studies showing how hard it is to identify, in advance, a fund that will outperform over the long term, was conducted by Cambridge Judge Business School in 2014. What the researchers wanted to find out was whether fund managers themselves can spot talent in each other, and perhaps benefit by copying what talented managers do.

“As a normal investor, someone who is not a fund manager, how do I find a good fund manager? What I do is maybe look up his rankings, maybe look up his portfolio holding, maybe I’ll say that this manager has been the best manager over the last two or five years, consistently beating his benchmark over the last few years. So, but what other information do I have? Not very much. But fund managers are in the same business, they hang out with each other, they go to Pubs together. They may not discuss their trades, but you talk to people and you can figure out pretty fast who are smart people and who are not smart people.”

It seems logical to think that if anyone can identify a future star manager it should be their peers. But the Cambridge study found that fund managers are as bad at spotting talent as the rest of us.

“It turns out, according to our study, that the people who copy are pretty much what you call desperate fund managers. They are managers who have not done very well. They have suffered an outflow of funds over the last year. They have funds that have underperformed, they have usually large fees. So now here is the problem: You’re a fund manager in a pretty bad state. You have no money to spend on research, you have no money to hire an analyst of your own. What do you do? Wouldn’t it be possible to find superior fund managers and just copy their trades? But how do you pick? Who do you know is a superior fund manager? What you should see are that the fund managers whom you copy don’t necessarily have good performance before you copy them, but they should have good performance after you start copying them. That means you identify the people whose public information will not tell if he’s a good fund manager or not, but private information will say if he’s a good fund manager or not. We don’t find out. What we find is: Copycats copy funds with good past performance. They copy funds which are exactly the kind of funds that you and I would copy with no information about these funds at all.”

This is yet more evidence trying to pick future winner is a thankless task. Far better not to try it at all, and simply aim to capture market returns by indexing. Thanks for watching.


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Market Commentaries on the US election from Jupiter Asset Management

Market Commentaries on the US election from Jupiter Asset Management:

Market Commentaries on the US election from Jupiter Asset Management

Charlie Thomas, manager of the Jupiter Global Ecology Growth SICAV:

Donald Trump’s rhetoric during his campaign will likely place pressure in the short term on renewable energy companies, but looking through the noise, he won’t need to remove clean energy subsidies as the existing policy will in fact already phase out subsidies by the end of his first term, in recognition that the pace of renewable technology progress means that they will largely no longer be required.

While it is still too early to predict the long-term consequences of the election, both in the White House and on Capitol Hill, we are mindful that despite a rancorous campaign, one of the few areas that the democrats and republicans found common ground is the pressing need for US infrastructure investment. This bodes relatively well for companies providing environmental solutions particularly in the water, smart energy and rail transport infrastructure.

Sebastian Radcliffe, manager of the Jupiter North American Equities SICAV fund:

The difficulty in assessing the impact of a Trump win is the scope of uncertainty as to what he would actually do. The short term impact is likely negative for equities as the greater uncertainty translates into a higher risk premium. However based on the broad thrust of his comments so far he is likely to initiate substantial fiscal stimulus that could materially accelerate the economy. While the market will fret over the uncertainty, the reality is that there is a material separation of powers where substantive legislative change requires approval of both houses of congress and there are sufficient moderate Republicans to join their Democrat Congressional colleagues in halting some of the more wild eyed initiatives that might come out of the new President.

Ariel Bezalel, manager of the Jupiter Dynamic Bond SICAV fund:

Donald Trump’s victory has raised the level of market uncertainty we can expect over the coming months and as such is likely to prove negative for risk assets (equities, credit spreads) in the short term. Conventionally, a risk off environment, in this case the end of the US election campaign resulting in a Trump victory, should benefit US Treasuries short term. However, medium term this is unlikely to be the case since Trump has been particularly vocal on the need to boost fiscal spending, saying he wants, at the very minimum, to double Hillary Clinton’s proposed $275bn infrastructure programme, a measure he said he would fund via debt issuance. A debt-funded infrastructure programme of this scale could help to stimulate the economy and be quite inflationary – an environment that would be negative for rates and fairly positive for equities. Therefore, longer term we expect the US yield curve to steepen.

We did not position our portfolio specifically to benefit from a Trump or a Clinton win. However, generally, it is our belief that monetary policy has reached its limits, whether it be in the US, Europé or Japan among others; future stimulus is very likely to be fiscal in nature. Trump is likely to deliver an expansionary policy to encourage economic growth. It would have been the same if Clinton had won. This shift in thinking about the nature of stimulus going forward was one of the key reasons why we reduced the duration of the portfolio significantly since July from 5.1 to 2.9 years today. We did this mainly by selling our medium and long dated US Treasuries and initiating a short position in the bund (around 10% of the portfolio) back when they were trading with negative yields.

Additionally we have:

  • Put in place some credit spread hedges (2.16% North American HY CDX and 2.95% European Crossover)
  • Trimmed the longer dated investment grade and high yield bonds we own. 50% of the portfolio has a maturity under 2 years.
  • Positions in gold mining convertibles (1.9% of the portfolio). These should help in a risk-off environment.

Jason Pidcock, manager of the Jupiter Asia Pacific Income SICAV fund:

In foreshadowing this Trump win, investors have been selling out of equities and keeping their powder dry. If this continues, and the fear of a recession under a Trump presidency spreads, we believe it is likely that the US Federal Reserve may well postpone its much-anticipated December rate increase.

Paradoxically, such a scenario might create an ideal environment in which the Jupiter Asia Pacific Income Fund could flourish; bond prices would be pushed up, yields would fall and investors seeking income would be practically forced to continue to search for yield in equities. Then again, what good is outperformance when you’re only able to do so on a relative basis against a turbulent market.

Asian stocks that derive a significant portion of their revenues from the US market may see short to medium term volatility, driven by market sentiment. Within our fund, these are mainly IT and electronics companies like Hon Hai, Delta and TSMC, that are based in Taiwan and play a big role in the Apple/iPhone supply chain.

At a country level, we believe the Philippines will continue to be a risk: whether President Duterte likes it or not, the country does have economic ties to the United States. It has one of the largest call centre operations in the world, and American companies are a huge employer in this field. If there is one small consolation for us, it is that Trump’s election means Duterte is arguably no longer the most controversial head of state in the world! Trump, we believe, is likely to spark any number of diplomatic rows as his presidency gets underway, but for the Philippines, we think a lot of the bad news has already been priced in. We remain overweight, but aren’t adding any more positions until we see how things pan out.

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Oljebolagen är billiga, men hur länge till?

Oljebolagen är billiga, men hur länge till?

Oljebolagen är billiga, men hur länge till? Det är nog få människor som tror att aktiekurserna för oljebolagen kan fortsätta handlas till dagens låga nivåer. Visst kommer de att vara billiga på kort sikt, men över tiden kan det vara värt att titta närmare på dem. Nedan har vi listat en del faktorer som kan komma att ha en påverkan på en eventuell omvärdering av oljebolagen.

Vi har fått frågan av flera läsare om vi tror att oljepriset kommer att vända upp till 75 USD per fat igen innan året är slut. Det tror vi inte, och anledningen är ganska enkel, dagens oljepris är vad som krävs för att ytterligare, icke-OPEC produktion skall komma ut på marknaden. I löpande priser, med ett oljepris på 46 USD per fat så finns det inga ekonomiska incitament för att skapa en ytterligare produktion.

Prospektering och produktion

När det gäller prospektering och produktion så finns det så gott som inga företag som har en positiv avkastning på sitt kapital mätt i löpande priser, inte de superstora företagen, inte de små juniorföretagen och förmodligen inte ens de stora statliga olje- och gasproducenterna. Det gör att aktiekurserna på oljeföretagen är lägre än vad de varit på mer än 20 år.

En stor del av pessimism kring oljepriset bygger på starka produktionsflöden från amerikanska skifferproducenter, men det är att förenkla det hela. De data vi ser är enskilda, och resultatet från företag som har tillgång till den bästa utrustningen och den bästa personalen som borrar efter olja på de bästa möjliga fälten. Av den anledningen kan det vara värt att titta på oljebolagen då den nuvarande marknaden representerar ett historiskt köptillfälle. Vi är inte ensamma om detta, Invesco Energy Fund är en fond som just nu är aktiv på köpsidan, och köper aktier i företag som dess förvaltare tror att kommer att kunna skapa värden åt sina aktieägare på två till tre års sikt.

4,68 procent av kapitalvikten i Invesco Energy Fund

Ett av de företag som dessa förvaltare tittar på är Devon Energy Corp, ett bolag som har 4,68 procent av kapitalvikten i Invesco Energy Fund. De anser att denna aktie är kraftigt översåld. Devon Energy är en stor oberoende prospekterings- och produktionsbolag som har sett över sin produktionsportfölj. Nu har ledningen för detta oljebolag valt att fokusera på hög tillväxt och växande tillgångar, till exempel inklusive Eagle Ford och Permianformationerna. Devon Energy har en hög kvalité på sina tillgångar, och bolagets resultat kommer att förbättras som en följd av detta samtidigt som kostnaderna kommer att minska. Utvecklingen av tillgångarna i Eagle Ford och Permianformationerna överstiger förväntningarna.

På grund av ökad återvinningar, borrning och färdigställande kostnadseffektivitetsplaner och räknar Devon att kunna redovisa samma produktion för räkenskapsåret 2016 jämfört med året innan – med höga marginaler, en tillväxt inom oljeproduktionen medan gasen minskar. Detta till budgeterade kostnader som är 45 procent lägre än tidigare. Samtidigt förfogar Devon över en likviditet på 4,7 miljarder dollar, varav 3 miljarder i form av outnyttjade krediter. Ledningen för Devon fokusera på att bibehålla den starka balansräkningen, och öka produktionen när oljepriset förbättras. Det gör att avkastningen på sysselsatt kapital kommer att öka och det motiverar en ökad aktivitet.

Översålda kvalitetsbolag

Devon är bara ett exempel på översålda kvalitetsbolag inom oljesektorn som drivs av en stark ledning. Att hitta värden innebär att ha ett långsiktigt perspektiv. Att undvika att investera för de kommande veckorna och istället se på en investeringsmöjlighet över längre sikt, två tre år.

Oljepriset

Introducing CRAK

Introducing CRAK

Introducing CRAK Market Vectors® Oil Refiners ETF (CRAK) leverages the selection standards of Market Vectors Indices in order to offer investors differentiated energy exposure.

Not All Energy Performs the Same

Oil refiners are a differentiated segment of the energy sector. As illustrated below, oil refiners’ performance was distinct from other segments as oil prices declined in late 2014 and remained weak in the first half of 2015.

from other segments as oil prices declined in late 2014 and remained weak in the first half of 2015.

This chart illustrates the recent difference in performance between segments of the energy sector as measured by S&P indices. This chart is for illustrative purposes only and does not represent the performance of the Fund or the underlying index. The Fund and Market Vectors Global Oil Refiners Index, the Fund’s underlying index, have a limited history. The Fund commenced operations on 8/18/2015 and its index was first published on 5/21/2015.

Potential to Benefit from Lower Oil Prices

Crack spread, or the difference between the price of crude oil and its refined products, is a common indicator of the potential profitability of the refining industry. Unlike other energy sector segments, oil refiners may benefit from lower oil prices if crack spreads remain attractive.

Pure-Play Index

CRAK’s underlying index, Market Vectors Global Oil Refiners Index, is a global index that measures the performance of the crude oil refining segment. CRAK is the first and only U.S.-listed ETF to provide pure-play exposure to global oil refiners.

CRAK Highlights

Ticker CRAK

Index Ticker MVCRAKTR

Commencement Date 08/18/2015

Gross Expenses 0.64%

Net Expenses1 0.59%

1Expenses are capped contractually until 5/1/2017. Cap excludes certain expenses, such as interest.

Introduction to Oil Refiners and Crack Spreads

Shawn Reynolds, Portfolio Manager, Global Hard Assets Strategies, discusses refiners and crack spreads and how they differ from other aspects of the energy sector.

Important Disclosure

An investment in the Fund may be subject to risks which include, among others, risks associated with refining companies which may be impacted by changes in commodity prices, exchange rates and the price of oil and gas, government regulation, the imposition of import controls, world events, and natural disasters, all of which may adversely affect the Fund. Foreign and emerging markets investments are subject to risks, which include changes in economic and political conditions, foreign currency fluctuations, changes in foreign regulations, changes in currency exchange rates, unstable governments, and limited trading capacity which may make these investments volatile in price or difficult to trade. Medium-capitalization companies may be subject to elevated risks. The Fund’s assets may be concentrated in a particular sector and may be subject to more risk than investments in a diverse group of sectors.

Market Vectors Global Oil Refiners Index (the ”Index”) is the exclusive property of Market Vectors Index Solutions GmbH (a wholly owned subsidiary of the Adviser), which has contracted with Solactive AG to maintain and calculate the Index. Solactive AG uses its best efforts to ensure that the Index is calculated correctly. Irrespective of its obligations towards Market Vectors Index Solutions GmbH, Solactive AG has no obligation to point out errors in the Index to third parties. The Market Vectors Oil Refiners ETF is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Market Vectors Index Solutions GmbH and Market Vectors Index Solutions GmbH makes no representation regarding the advisability of investing in the Fund.

DEFINITIONS: All indices are represented by sub-indices of the S&P Global 1200 Index which represents the global equity market and captures approximately 70% of global market capitalization. Energy represents all members of the S&P Global 1200 Index that are classified within the Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS®) energy sector. Refining & Marketing represents all members of the S&P Global 1200 Index that are classified within the GICS oil & gas refining & marketing sub-industry. Coal & Cons. Fuel represents all members of the S&P Global 1200 Index that are classified within the GICS coal & consumable fuels sub-industry. Integrated Oil & Gas represents all members of the S&P Global 1200 Index that are classified within the GICS integrated oil & gas sub-industry. Drilling represents all members of the S&P Global 1200 Index that are classified within the GICS oil & gas drilling sub-industry. Equipment & Services represents all members of the S&P Global 1200 Index that are classified within the GICS oil & gas equipment & services sub-industry. Exploration & Production represents all members of the S&P Global 1200 Index that are classified within the GICS oil & gas exploration & production sub-industry. Storage & Transportation represents all members of the S&P Global 1200 Index that are classified within the GICS oil & gas storage & transportation sub-industry.

Index returns are not Fund returns and do not reflect any management fees or brokerage expenses. Investors cannot invest directly in the Index. Returns for actual Fund investors may differ from what is shown because of differences in timing, the amount invested and fees and expenses. Index returns assume that dividends have been reinvested.

The ”Net Asset Value” (NAV) of a Market Vectors exchange-traded fund (ETF) is determined at the close of each business day, and represents the dollar value of one share of the fund; it is calculated by taking the total assets of the fund, subtracting total liabilities, and dividing by the total number of shares outstanding. The NAV is not necessarily the same as the ETF’s intraday trading value. Market Vectors ETF investors should not expect to buy or sell shares at NAV.
Fund shares are not individually redeemable and will be issued and redeemed at their NAV only through certain authorized broker-dealers in large, specified blocks of shares called creation units and otherwise can be bought and sold only through exchange trading. Creation units are issued and redeemed principally in kind. Shares may trade at a premium or discount to their NAV in the secondary market.

Investing involves substantial risk and high volatility, including possible loss of principal. An investor should consider the investment objective, risks, charges and expenses of the Fund carefully before investing. To obtain a prospectus and summary prospectus, which contains this and other information, call 888.MKT.VCTR or visit marketvectorsetfs.com. Please read the prospectus and summary prospectus carefully before investing.

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