Weekly Investment Insights – Correction presents buying opportunity
In 2017, ETF Securities will be broadening its weekly FX insights to cover all asset classes including commodities, equities and fixed income. We hope you continue to find these updates useful.
Highlights
Optimism over growth prospects and accommodative monetary conditions have pushed European equity benchmarks to multi-month highs.
Current levels look unsustainable in the short run as momentum wanes and bearish technical signals surface.
Longer term prospects for European stocks appear more favourable, so any correction could be an opportunity for entry.
Near term top
European equity indices have been a beneficiary of the broad-based optimism that has characterised the market landscape since Trump’s election back in November. Most have recently set multi-month, if not multi-year, highs as analyst earnings forecasts have jumped on the back of an improved outlook for global growth based on reflationary trends. In addition, higher commodity prices, improved net interest margins and ongoing monetary stimulus have also helped to lift beleaguered resource and financial industry sectors that have previously weighed on performance. However, technical indicators suggest that across the board, the recent rally is losing steam, leaving indices such as the EURO STOXX 50, DAX 30, CAC 40 and the FTSE MIB vulnerable to a near term correction. Over the longer term, we believe that the stocks of core European states will remain attractively valued, especially when compared to their US counterparts, making any upcoming correction an excellent medium term opportunity to gain long exposure. This is especially true as economic indicators in Europe gather pace and continue to tick higher.
Momentum wanes
A “toppish” momentum divergence is where a particular index moves higher while its momentum indicators simultaneously trend lower and is typically interpreted as a bearish signal that a rally is coming to an end. This signal is in play for the EURO STOXX 50, DAX 30,CAC 40 and the FTSE MIB. All of these indices have recently reached highs which they have all failed to defend while their momentum indicators have turned lower. This implies that, at least in the near term, these benchmarks will come under pressure or at least remain subdued.
Eurozone economic uptick
Click to enlarge
Long term promise
In the medium term, we do not believe that any bearish pressure will last, as positive economic performance in Europe helps provide a boost to stock market performance. Barometers of economic strength, such as GDP growth, manufacturing surveys and industrial production, have all picked up markedly for the Eurozone since Q4 of last year (see Figure 1). The latest manufacturing purchasing managers index reading for January recently came in at the highest level in over five years, pointing towards a sustained recovery for a region that has experienced an uninspiring rebound from the financial crisis. Furthermore, indications from the latest European Central Bank meeting suggest that monetary conditions are likely to remain accommodative for the foreseeable future as core inflationary pressures remain fragile, removing the likelihood of a near term policy shock. Combined with far more favourable cyclically adjusted valuation metrics (specifically cyclically adjusted price to earnings) than the US, European benchmarks looked well placed to move higher in the coming six months.
Investors wishing to express the investment views outlined above may consider using the following ETF Securities ETPs:
Equity ETPs3x
ETFS 3x Daily Long Euro Stoxx 50 (EU3L)
ETFS 3x Daily Short Euro Stoxx 50 (UES3)
ETFS 3x Daily Long CAC 40 (FR3L)
ETFS 3x Daily Short CAC 40 (FR3S)
ETFS 3x Daily Long DAX 30 (GY3L)
ETFS 3x Daily Short DAX 30 (GY3S)
ETFS 3x Daily Long FTSE MIB (IT3L)
ETFS 3x Daily Short FTSE MIB (IT3S)
ETFS 3x Daily Long FTSE 100 (UK3L)
ETFS 3x Daily Short FTSE 100 (UK3S)
2x
ETFS DAX® Daily 2x Long GO UCITS ETF (DEL2)
ETFS DAX® Daily 2x Short GO UCITS ETF (DES2)
ETFS FTSE 100® Leveraged (Daily 2x) GO UCITS ETF (LUK2)
ETFS FTSE 100® Super Short Strategy (Daily 2x) GO UCITS ETF (SUK2)
The complete ETF Securities product list can be found here.
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EURJPY in focus as BOJ meets ahead of Eurozone inflation.
The week’s Federal Open Market Committee meeting to decide on US rates will not be followed by a press conference. The market will therefore remain very attentive to FOMC member speeches and public engagements to glean any information about the possible path of rate increases this year. As a result, we expect no surprises, which will keep USD gains capped. Elsewhere, continued Greek bailout negotiations will likely weigh on European bourses and keep volatility high. The rising animosity between the Greek Finance Minister and his EU counterparts has increased the risk of an accident in negotiations.
Commodities
Tin prices rebound from six year low. Tin prices witnessed a 3.4% weekly gain, after having declined by 40% since April last year. Tin prices have come under significant pressure following the appreciation of the US Dollar and burgeoning production of tin ore from Myanmar. The sharp increase in price came as the largest tin producer in Indonesia, the world’s top exporter, announced that it would be cutting production in the face of price weakness. In emissions markets, the price of carbon allowances rose 5.5% as progress was made toward relieving the current oversupply of allowances in the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS). The conclusion of the US winter and its associated seasonal heating demand weighed on the natural gas price this week. The price fell 5.7% as US working natural gas inventories grew by more than expected, reflecting the absence of significant demand.
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Equities
Chinese bourses climb on stimulus hopes. The MSCI China A Index rallied 5.4% during the week following a reduction of the national reserve requirement ratio (RRR) by 1% to 18.5%. Speculation has been growing that Chinese authorities will aggressively support growth targets through monetary stimulus, fuelling bullish sentiment and taking the index to highs not witnessed since 2007. In Europe, equity indices have fallen over the week as concerns grew that Greece will fail to meet its upcoming €780mn debt payment to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) due in May. IMF Director, Christine Lagarde, has made it clear that the international group will not allow Greece to delay these payments, putting greater pressure on the nation to finalise negotiations over economic overhauls and its international bailout. The DAX 30 and FTSE MIB Index have fallen by 2.3% and 1.7% respectively as a result.
Currencies
EURJPY in focus as BOJ meets ahead of Eurozone inflation. The Bank of Japan has appeared to be comfortable with the progress with the inflation outlook, and as such we feel that the upcoming policy meeting will be largely uneventful. The first tendrils of wage growth appear to be starting to take root, in turn helping inflation stabilise around the 2% level, in line with the BOJ target. Alongside CPI, a raft of other Japanese economic indicators will also be released this week, including industrial production and retail trade. Although there has been some volatility in industrial activity, survey evidence shows that business attitudes are improving in the manufacturing sector. Consumers remain under pressure, but this could continue if earnings post further gains. Meanwhile, inflation data will be the main focus for Euro investors, but we expect there to be little progress on the price front for the Eurozone. As a result we expect EUR/JPY to trade even lower this week.
For more information contact:
ETF Securities Research team
ETF Securities (UK) Limited
T +44 (0) 207 448 4336
E info@etfsecurities.com
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General
This communication has been issued and approved for the purpose of section 21 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 by ETF Securities (UK) Limited (”ETFS UK”) which is authorised and regulated by the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority (”FCA”).
Investments may go up or down in value and you may lose some or all of the amount invested. Past performance is not necessarily a guide to future performance. You should consult an independent investment adviser prior to making any investment in order to determine its suitability to your circumstances.
The information contained in this communication is for your general information only and is neither an offer for sale nor a solicitation of an offer to buy securities. This communication should not be used as the basis for any investment decision. Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
This communication may contain independent market commentary prepared by ETFS UK based on publicly available information. Although ETFS UK endeavours to ensure the accuracy of the content in this communication, ETFS UK does not warrant or guarantee its accuracy or correctness. Any third party data providers used to source the information in this communication make no warranties or representation of any kind relating to such data. Where ETFS UK has expressed its own opinions related to product or market activity, these views may change. Neither ETFS UK, nor any affiliate, nor any of their respective, officers, directors, partners, or employees accepts any liability whatsoever for any direct or consequential loss arising from any use of this publication or its contents.
ETFS UK is required by the FSA to clarify that it is not acting for you in any way in relation to the investment or investment activity to which this communication relates. In particular, ETFS UK will not provide any investment services to you and or advise you on the merits of, or make any recommendation to you in relation to, the terms of any transaction. No representative of ETFS UK is authorised to behave in any way which would lead you to believe otherwise. ETFS UK is not, therefore, responsible for providing you with the protections afforded to its clients and you should seek your own independent legal, investment and tax or other advice as you see fit.
This document is not, and under no circumstances is to be construed as, an advertisement or any other step in furtherance of a public offering of shares or securities in the United States or any province or territory thereof. Neither this document nor any copy hereof should be taken, transmitted or distributed (directly or indirectly) into the United States.
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Securities issued by each of the Issuers are direct, limited recourse obligations of the relevant Issuer alone and are not obligations of or guaranteed by any of UBS AG, Merrill Lynch Commodities Inc. (”MLCI”), Bank of America Corporation (”BAC) or any of their affiliates. UBS AG, MLCI and BAC, Shell Trading Switzerland, Shell Treasury, HSBC Bank USA N.A., JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., Deutsche Bank AG any of their affiliates or anyone else or any of their affiliates. Each of UBS AG, Merrill Lynch Commodities Inc. (”MLCI”), Bank of America Corporation (”BAC) or any of their affiliates. UBS AG, MLCI and BAC, Shell Trading Switzerland, Shell Treasury, HSBC Bank USA N.A., JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. and Deutsche Bank AG disclaims all and any liability whether arising in tort, contract or otherwise (save as referred to above) which it might have in respect of this document or its contents otherwise arising in connection herewith.
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China will take center stage this week as the country releases Q1 growth figures and lending data. Any signs of weakness will likely stoke speculation that Chinese authorities will conduct further stimulus measures in order to meet the recently set 7% economic growth target. In Europe and the US, inflation data will give an indication as to the continued deflationary impact of energy prices. In particular, US consumer inflation will be monitored for any signs of recovery from last month’s 0% reading, as it is considered a key component in the Federal Reserve’s decision to initiate monetary tightening.
Commodities
Crude prices oscillate on conflicting signals. The price of US crude ended the week up 3.4% after a week of large moves. Oil prices rose approximately 9.6% at the start of the week boosted by news that Saudi Arabia was increasing the price of oil shipments sold to Asian consumers, underlining the growing belief that global oil demand is recovering. This was further corroborated by the release of the Energy Information Administration’s (EIA) monthly energy outlook, which predicted that global oil consumption will grow by an estimated one million barrels this year. However, after a report showing that US crude inventories experienced the largest injection in 14 years, gains were trimmed with the WTI price plunging 6.6% in a single day. Industrial metals benefitted from Chinese authorities lowering guidance rates for funding agreements. The accommodative move was seen as an attempt to buoy economic activity, resulting in lead finishing the week up 4.3%.
Equities
European stocks rise following Greek repayment. Greece repaid a €450 million bailout loan instalment to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) on Thursday causing European equity markets to rally. The FTSE MIB and DAX 30 rose 2.7% and 1.7% respectively during the week. The repayment soothed investor fears that Greece would delay matters, as tensions between finance ministers escalate over the terms of a debt arrangement. The newly elected far left Syriza party has been reluctant to accept any deal that incorporates any form of austerity, as doing so threatens to compromise the party’s credibly amongst the Greek electorate. The FTSE 100 rose 2.7% during the week as the price of Brent crude rose 2.9%, boosting oil and gas stocks that compromise 14.3% of the index.
Currencies
Australian central bank surprises markets. The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) shocked markets this week by holding the country’s benchmark interest rate at 2.25%. Most economists had forecasted that the RBA would cut rates in order to bolster recent subpar economic growth and sluggish business capital expenditure. The unexpected move caused the Aussie Dollar to strengthen, rising 3.7% and 2.5% against the Euro and Sterling respectively. The New Zealand Dollar also appreciated this week following the strongest reading in the Australian Construction Index in five months. The data release came following a statement from the New Zealand Prime Minister John Key which stressed the importance of the Australian economy to New Zealand, making the positive impact from the data more pronounced. The NZD finished the week 2.6% up against the Euro.
For more information contact:
ETF Securities Research team
ETF Securities (UK) Limited
T +44 (0) 207 448 4336
E info@etfsecurities.com
Important Information
General
This communication has been issued and approved for the purpose of section 21 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 by ETF Securities (UK) Limited (”ETFS UK”) which is authorised and regulated by the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority (”FCA”).
Investments may go up or down in value and you may lose some or all of the amount invested. Past performance is not necessarily a guide to future performance. You should consult an independent investment adviser prior to making any investment in order to determine its suitability to your circumstances.
The information contained in this communication is for your general information only and is neither an offer for sale nor a solicitation of an offer to buy securities. This communication should not be used as the basis for any investment decision. Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
This communication may contain independent market commentary prepared by ETFS UK based on publicly available information. Although ETFS UK endeavours to ensure the accuracy of the content in this communication, ETFS UK does not warrant or guarantee its accuracy or correctness. Any third party data providers used to source the information in this communication make no warranties or representation of any kind relating to such data. Where ETFS UK has expressed its own opinions related to product or market activity, these views may change. Neither ETFS UK, nor any affiliate, nor any of their respective, officers, directors, partners, or employees accepts any liability whatsoever for any direct or consequential loss arising from any use of this publication or its contents.
ETFS UK is required by the FSA to clarify that it is not acting for you in any way in relation to the investment or investment activity to which this communication relates. In particular, ETFS UK will not provide any investment services to you and or advise you on the merits of, or make any recommendation to you in relation to, the terms of any transaction. No representative of ETFS UK is authorised to behave in any way which would lead you to believe otherwise. ETFS UK is not, therefore, responsible for providing you with the protections afforded to its clients and you should seek your own independent legal, investment and tax or other advice as you see fit.
This document is not, and under no circumstances is to be construed as, an advertisement or any other step in furtherance of a public offering of shares or securities in the United States or any province or territory thereof. Neither this document nor any copy hereof should be taken, transmitted or distributed (directly or indirectly) into the United States.
Other than as set out above, investors may contact ETFS UK at +44 (0)20 7448 4330 or at retail@etfsecurities.com to obtain copies of prospectuses and related regulatory documentation, including annual reports. Other than as separately indicated, this communication is being made on a ”private placement” basis and is intended solely for the professional / institutional recipient to which it is delivered.
Third Parties
Securities issued by each of the Issuers are direct, limited recourse obligations of the relevant Issuer alone and are not obligations of or guaranteed by any of UBS AG, Merrill Lynch Commodities Inc. (”MLCI”), Bank of America Corporation (”BAC) or any of their affiliates. UBS AG, MLCI and BAC, Shell Trading Switzerland, Shell Treasury, HSBC Bank USA N.A., JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., Deutsche Bank AG any of their affiliates or anyone else or any of their affiliates. Each of UBS AG, Merrill Lynch Commodities Inc. (”MLCI”), Bank of America Corporation (”BAC) or any of their affiliates. UBS AG, MLCI and BAC, Shell Trading Switzerland, Shell Treasury, HSBC Bank USA N.A., JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. and Deutsche Bank AG disclaims all and any liability whether arising in tort, contract or otherwise (save as referred to above) which it might have in respect of this document or its contents otherwise arising in connection herewith.
”Dow Jones,” ”UBS”, DJ-UBS CISM,”, ”DJ-UBS CI-F3SM,” and any related indices or sub-indices are service marks of Dow Jones Trademark Holdings LLC (”Dow Jones”), CME Group Index Services LLC (”CME Indexes”), UBS AG (”UBS”) or UBS Securities LLC (”UBS Securities”), as the case may be, and have been licensed for use by the Issuer. The securities issued by CSL although based on components of the Dow Jones UBS Commodity Index 3 month ForwardSM are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Dow Jones, CME Indexes, UBS, UBS Securities or any of their respective subsidiaries or affiliates, and none of Dow Jones, CME Indexes, UBS, UBS Securities, or any of their respective subsidiaries or affiliates, makes any representation regarding the advisability of investing in such product.
Mild US weather outlook causes natural gas to plunge.
Chinese equity markets extend rally.
US Dollar strength likely to continue.
Cyclical assets are likely to experience an after-glow this week from the upside surprise in the US non-farm payrolls data on Friday. A raft of Chinese data including industrial production, retail sales and lending data out this week will provide investors a gauge for how well the economy is faring. We expect further monetary stimulus from the People’s Bank of China if the data disappoints, highlighting the determination to see yearly growth targets are met. The European Central Bank’s monthly report will be read with keen interest as investors look for easing cues after last week’s disappointing lack of action from the central bank.
Commodities
Mild US weather outlook causes natural gas to plunge. Natural gas last week declined -16.2% as reports of mild weather in December ignited speculation that heating demand in the US will be lower than normal. These expectations have been somewhat confirmed by the release of the EIA’s weekly natural gas storage update which contained news that drawdowns on working gas inventory was far lower than the consensus had estimated. Bearish sentiment continued within crude and distillate markets arising from deal struck between the Iraq and the Kurdish regional government after years of political impasse. The deal stipulated that the semi-autonomous Kurdish region would be designated to export 550,000 barrels a day through Iraq’s national oil company in exchange for 17% of Iraq’s national budget, adding further to the perceived over-supply of global oil markets.
Equities
Chinese equity markets extend rally. Momentum from last week’s strong gains in the Chinese stock market continued as the MSCI China A Index advanced 10.5%. This was driven by more investors piling into the Chinese equity market following the opening of the Hong Kong-Shanghai Connect and optimism over structural reforms and stimulatory monetary measures from the Chinese government and central bank. Conversely, European stocks were led downwards by banking shares following ECB governing council’s announcement that it would only consider full blown quantitative easing in early-2015, dashing hopes of the initiative being launched this month. This announcement comes as a sequence of weak economic data and downward revisions of ECB inflation and growth forecasts had prompted hopes of easing measures to take place this month. In response the FTSE MIB and DAX 30 declined -3.36% and -1.24% respectively.
Currencies
US Dollar strength likely to continue. The upside surprise in the US jobs report provided a sharp lift to the US Dollar against most currencies last week. Should we see strong growth in November US retail sales this week and a further deterioration in November Euro area industrial production, we are likely to see expected interest rate divergence become more pronounced and hence the Euro will continue to depreciate against the UD Dollar. Last week the ECB cut its growth forecasts and failed to deliver on full-blown quantitative easing before the year’s end. Its inaction increases the probability that the ECB will have to take more drastic measures to avoid deflation in the New Year. After the ‘no’ vote on the Swiss gold referendum provided relief for the Swiss National Bank, we believe the central bank will maintain the status.
For more information contact:
ETF Securities Research team
ETF Securities (UK) Limited
T +44 (0) 207 448 4336
E info@etfsecurities.com
Important Information
General
This communication has been issued and approved for the purpose of section 21 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 by ETF Securities (UK) Limited (”ETFS UK”) which is authorised and regulated by the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority (”FCA”).
Investments may go up or down in value and you may lose some or all of the amount invested. Past performance is not necessarily a guide to future performance. You should consult an independent investment adviser prior to making any investment in order to determine its suitability to your circumstances.
The information contained in this communication is for your general information only and is neither an offer for sale nor a solicitation of an offer to buy securities. This communication should not be used as the basis for any investment decision. Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investments may go down in value.
This communication may contain independent market commentary prepared by ETFS UK based on publicly available information. Although ETFS UK endeavours to ensure the accuracy of the content in this communication, ETFS UK does not warrant or guarantee its accuracy or correctness. Any third party data providers used to source the information in this communication make no warranties or representation of any kind relating to such data. Where ETFS UK has expressed its own opinions related to product or market activity, these views may change. Neither ETFS UK, nor any affiliate, nor any of their respective, officers, directors, partners, or employees accepts any liability whatsoever for any direct or consequential loss arising from any use of this publication or its contents.
ETFS UK is required by the FSA to clarify that it is not acting for you in any way in relation to the investment or investment activity to which this communication relates. In particular, ETFS UK will not provide any investment services to you and or advise you on the merits of, or make any recommendation to you in relation to, the terms of any transaction. No representative of ETFS UK is authorised to behave in any way which would lead you to believe otherwise. ETFS UK is not, therefore, responsible for providing you with the protections afforded to its clients and you should seek your own independent legal, investment and tax or other advice as you see fit.
This document is not, and under no circumstances is to be construed as, an advertisement or any other step in furtherance of a public offering of shares or securities in the United States or any province or territory thereof. Neither this document nor any copy hereof should be taken, transmitted or distributed (directly or indirectly) into the United States.
Other than as set out above, investors may contact ETFS UK at +44 (0)20 7448 4330 or at retail@etfsecurities.com to obtain copies of prospectuses and related regulatory documentation, including annual reports. Other than as separately indicated, this communication is being made on a ”private placement” basis and is intended solely for the professional / institutional recipient to which it is delivered.
Third Parties
Securities issued by each of the Issuers are direct, limited recourse obligations of the relevant Issuer alone and are not obligations of or guaranteed by any of UBS AG, Merrill Lynch Commodities Inc. (”MLCI”), Bank of America Corporation (”BAC) or any of their affiliates. UBS AG, MLCI and BAC, Shell Trading Switzerland, Shell Treasury, HSBC Bank USA N.A., JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., Deutsche Bank AG any of their affiliates or anyone else or any of their affiliates. Each of UBS AG, Merrill Lynch Commodities Inc. (”MLCI”), Bank of America Corporation (”BAC) or any of their affiliates. UBS AG, MLCI and BAC, Shell Trading Switzerland, Shell Treasury, HSBC Bank USA N.A., JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. and Deutsche Bank AG disclaims all and any liability whether arising in tort, contract or otherwise (save as referred to above) which it might have in respect of this document or its contents otherwise arising in connection herewith.
”Dow Jones,” ”UBS”, DJ-UBS CISM,”, ”DJ-UBS CI-F3SM,” and any related indices or sub-indices are service marks of Dow Jones Trademark Holdings LLC (”Dow Jones”), CME Group Index Services LLC (”CME Indexes”), UBS AG (”UBS”) or UBS Securities LLC (”UBS Securities”), as the case may be, and have been licensed for use by the Issuer. The securities issued by CSL although based on components of the Dow Jones UBS Commodity Index 3 month ForwardSM are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Dow Jones, CME Indexes, UBS, UBS Securities or any of their respective subsidiaries or affiliates, and none of Dow Jones, CME Indexes, UBS, UBS Securities, or any of their respective subsidiaries or affiliates, makes any representation regarding the advisability of investing in such product.
Handeln med börshandlade produkter uppe på historiska nivåer
Handeln med börshandlade produkter uppe på historiska nivåer. Det är ingen tvekan om att börshandlade produkter (nedan ETP:er) har blivit en självklar investeringsform för alltfler svenskar. Handeln slår alla historiska rekord och marknaden växer lavinartat till skillnad från ETF-handeln som tidigare har varit stort. Drivande i tillväxten för ETP-handeln är NGM-börsen som via sin marknadsplats NDX har drygt 80 procent av marknaden i Norden.
Sista månaden på börsen har varit turbulent och många investerade såg sin årsutveckling raderas. När marknaden var som mest volatil och många sålde i förtvivlan var det samtidigt rekordmånga som vallfärdade till ETP-marknaden för att handla Bull & Bear-certifikat, Mini Futures, Mini Futures BEST/Unlimited Turbos m.m. Anledningen? De såg en möjlighet att tjäna pengar på nedgången istället för tvärtom. Enligt NGM, som är ledande på ETP-marknaden, har antalet avslut hittills i år redan passerat det totala antalet som gjordes under hela 2013. Detta sker samtidigt som handeln i de tidigare så populära ETF:erna minskar. På bara två år har handeln med ETF:er minskat med mer än 50 procent.
Men det är inte bara vid börsoro som privata investerare väljer ETP:er. Handeln har blivit allt vanligare och produktutbudet är stort. Investerarna kan handla med alltifrån Alibaba, Facebook och H&M som underliggande till olika index. De vanligaste underliggande tillgångarna i år är indexen OMXS30och DAX 30 samt bolagen Nokia, Apple och Volvo.
NGM har på sista tiden varit drivande i att öka marknaden för ETP:er och har idag drygt 80 procent av den totala handeln i Norden. Övriga aktörer på den Nordiska marknaden är Nasdaq och Oslo Börs. Nasdaq Stockholm och Nasdaq Helsingfors har totalt en marknadsandel på cirka 18 procent och uppvisar relativt oförändrade handelssiffror i år. Vid inledningen av 2013 hade Nasdaq en marknadsandel på omkring 36 procent.
